Rinse the rice under cool water until the water runs mostly clear, then drain well. Zest the lemon and mince the garlic so they’re ready to go.
Warm the olive oil and butter in a medium saucepan over medium heat. Add the garlic and turmeric and cook, stirring, until fragrant, about 30 seconds.
Stir in the drained rice and toast for 1–2 minutes, stirring often, until the grains look glossy and the edges turn slightly translucent.
Pour in the chicken broth, 2 tablespoons of the lemon juice, the salt, and the bay leaf (if using). Scrape the bottom of the pot to release any stuck grains and bring to a lively simmer.
Cover tightly, reduce the heat to low, and cook for 14–16 minutes, or until the liquid is absorbed and the rice is tender. Try not to lift the lid while it cooks.
Remove from the heat and let the rice rest, covered, for 5 minutes. Discard the bay leaf, then fluff with a fork. Fold in the remaining 2 tablespoons lemon juice, the lemon zest, and the fresh herbs. Taste and adjust salt if needed, then serve warm.