Warm the oil in a large pot over medium heat.
Soften the onion with a pinch of salt, stirring, 4–5 minutes.
Stir in garlic and ginger; cook until fragrant, about 30 seconds.
Toast curry powder, cumin, turmeric, and red pepper flakes for 1 minute.
Blend in tomato paste; cook, stirring, another minute to darken slightly.
Pour in diced tomatoes, coconut milk, and broth; stir until smooth.
Add chickpeas, carrots, and bell pepper; bring to a gentle simmer.
Simmer uncovered 12–15 minutes, until vegetables are tender and sauce thickens.
Fold in spinach to wilt, 1–2 minutes. Season with salt, pepper, and lime juice.
Finish with cilantro and serve hot.