Warm the olive oil in a large pot over medium heat.
Soften the onion and jalapeño, stirring, until tender, 3 to 4 minutes.
Stir in the garlic, chili powder, cumin, smoked paprika, red pepper flakes, salt, and black pepper; cook 30 seconds.
Pour in the chicken broth and the tomatoes with their juices; bring to a gentle boil, scraping the pot.
Add the corn and black beans. Reduce heat and simmer 10 minutes.
Fold in the shredded chicken and simmer until heated through, 5 to 8 minutes.
Stir in the lime juice and cilantro. Taste and adjust seasoning as needed.
Ladle into bowls and serve hot.