Preheat oven to 375°F. Lightly grease a 9x13-inch baking dish.
Warm olive oil in a large skillet over medium-high heat.
Season chicken with a pinch of salt, pepper, and 1 tsp fajita seasoning. Sear until lightly browned, 4–5 minutes.
Transfer chicken to a bowl. Keep any juices in the skillet.
Sauté bell peppers and onion until crisp-tender, about 5–6 minutes.
Stir in remaining fajita seasoning, chili powder, cumin, smoked paprika, and garlic powder. Cook 30 seconds.
Add tomatoes with chiles, corn, and black beans. Simmer 2 minutes to warm through.
Return chicken to the skillet. Toss in lime juice and jalapeño.
Spread cooked rice in the prepared baking dish. Spoon chicken-pepper mixture over the rice.
Pour queso evenly over the top. Sprinkle with shredded cheese.
Bake until bubbly and melted, 15–18 minutes. Rest 5 minutes, then garnish with cilantro.