Warm oil in a large pot over medium heat until shimmering.
Sauté onion and jalapeño until softened, about 4 to 5 minutes.
Stir in garlic, chili powder, cumin, paprika, oregano, salt, and pepper. Cook 30 seconds.
Mix in tomato paste and cook 1 minute, stirring to coat vegetables.
Pour in tomatoes and broth. Bring to a gentle simmer.
Add black beans and corn. Simmer uncovered 10 to 12 minutes.
Stir in lime juice. Taste and adjust salt and pepper as needed.
Ladle into bowls. Top with tortilla chips, cilantro, avocado, cheese, and sour cream.