Heat 1 tbsp oil in a large skillet over medium heat.
Soften onion until translucent, 3–4 minutes. Stir in garlic and cook 30 seconds.
Add black beans, chili powder, cumin, oregano, smoked paprika, salt, and pepper. Cook 2 minutes.
Mash beans slightly with a spoon for a thick, scoopable filling. Stir in lime juice and cilantro. Transfer to a bowl.
Wipe the skillet. Add 1 tbsp oil and warm over medium heat.
Lay a tortilla in the skillet. Sprinkle cheese over half and spoon on some bean mixture. Fold to close.
Cook until crisp and golden, 2–3 minutes per side. Repeat with remaining tortillas, adding oil as needed.
Serve hot with salsa and avocado. Season with extra lime and salt if desired.