Set a rack in the upper third of the oven and preheat to 400°F (200°C). Line a 12-cup muffin pan with paper liners.
Whisk the flour, baking powder, baking soda, salt, and espresso powder in a medium bowl for 30 seconds. Scoop out 1 teaspoon of this dry mixture and set it aside to coat the chocolate chips later.
In a large bowl, whisk the eggs and sugar vigorously until the mixture lightens and looks slightly thick and foamy, about 60 seconds.
Slowly stream in the oil and then the melted butter while whisking until glossy. Whisk in the vanilla, followed by the buttermilk and sour cream until smooth.
Add the dry ingredients to the wet in two additions, folding gently with a spatula just until a few streaks of flour remain. Do not overmix.
Toss the mini chocolate chips with the reserved teaspoon of dry mixture until coated, then fold them into the batter.
Divide the batter evenly among the liners, filling each nearly to the top. Sprinkle with turbinado sugar and a few extra chips. Let the filled pan rest on the counter for 10 minutes to encourage tall domes.
Bake for 5 minutes at 400°F, then (without opening the oven) reduce the temperature to 350°F (175°C) and continue baking 10 to 12 minutes more, until the muffins are domed and a toothpick comes out with a few moist crumbs.
Cool in the pan for 5 minutes, then transfer to a wire rack. Serve warm or at room temperature.