Heat oven to 325°F. Line a mini muffin pan with 24 paper liners.
Stir graham crumbs, 2 tbsp sugar, and melted butter until evenly moistened.
Spoon about 1 tablespoon crust into each cup. Press firmly to pack.
Bake crusts 5 minutes. Cool pan on a rack while making the filling.
Beat cream cheese and 1/2 cup sugar until smooth and fluffy, about 1 minute.
Mix in sour cream, vanilla, and flour just until combined.
Add eggs one at a time, mixing on low just until blended. Do not overmix.
Divide batter over crusts, filling nearly to the top.
Bake 13–16 minutes, until edges are set and centers slightly jiggle.
Cool 15 minutes, then refrigerate until chilled, at least 2 hours.
Melt caramels with heavy cream over low heat, stirring until smooth.
Spoon warm caramel over each bite. Sprinkle with flaky salt. Serve chilled.