Preheat oven to 375°F. Line a rimmed sheet pan and set a rack on top if you have one.
Whisk barbecue sauce, brown sugar, chili powder, garlic powder, and black pepper. Set aside for glazing.
Split each biscuit in half to make 16 rounds. Press each piece into a 3-inch disk.
Place a cheese cube and one mini meatball in the center of each dough disk. Add jalapeño if using.
Pinch dough edges together to seal completely, forming a tight ball with no gaps.
Cut bacon slices in half. Wrap each dough ball with a half slice, tucking the ends underneath.
Brush bombs lightly with the sauce mixture. Arrange seam-side down on the rack or lined pan.
Bake 18 minutes. Flip, brush again, and bake 8–10 minutes more until bacon is crisp and dough is cooked.
Broil 1–2 minutes for extra crisp edges, watching closely to prevent burning.
Rest 5 minutes. Serve warm with extra barbecue sauce for dipping.